"""
Урок 72. Множественное наследование — весь код примеров одним файлом.

Источник: subjects/python-fundamentals/course/lessons/72-multiple-inheritance/examples.html
Файл собран автоматически (tools/build_lesson_examples.py): правьте страницу урока.
Запуск: python lesson-72.py
"""



# ====================================================================
# Пример 1. Базовое множественное наследование
# ====================================================================
class Printable:
    def print_info(self) -> None:
        print("Печать информации...")


class Savable:
    def save(self) -> None:
        print("Сохраняем в файл...")


class Report(Printable, Savable):
    pass


report = Report()
report.print_info()  # Печать информации...
report.save()        # Сохраняем в файл...


# ====================================================================
# Пример 2. Проверка атрибутов через hasattr
# ====================================================================
class User:
    def __init__(self, username: str) -> None:
        self.username = username


user = User("Alice")
print(hasattr(user, "username"))  # True
print(hasattr(user, "email"))     # False

if hasattr(user, "email"):
    print(user.email)
else:
    print("Поле email отсутствует")


# ====================================================================
# Пример 3. Миксины для аутентификации и уведомлений
# ====================================================================
class AuthMixin:
    def login(self) -> None:
        if not hasattr(self, "username"):
            raise AttributeError("Не задан username")
        print(f"{self.username} вошёл в систему.")

    def logout(self) -> None:
        print("Пользователь вышел из системы.")


class NotificationMixin:
    def send_email(self, message: str) -> None:
        if not hasattr(self, "email"):
            raise AttributeError("Не задан email")
        print(f"Отправка письма на {self.email}: {message}")


class UserProfile(AuthMixin, NotificationMixin):
    def __init__(self, username: str, email: str) -> None:
        self.username = username
        self.email = email


user = UserProfile("alice", "alice@example.com")
user.login()
user.send_email("Добро пожаловать!")
user.logout()


# ====================================================================
# Пример 4. Порядок поиска методов
# ====================================================================
class A:
    def greet(self) -> None:
        print("Hello from A")


class B(A):
    pass


class C:
    def greet(self) -> None:
        print("Hello from C")


class D(B, C):
    pass


d = D()
d.greet()  # Hello from A


# ====================================================================
# Пример 5. Просмотр MRO через __mro__
# ====================================================================
class A:
    def greet(self) -> None:
        print("Hello from A")


class B(A):
    def greet(self) -> None:
        print("Hello from B")


class C(A):
    def greet(self) -> None:
        print("Hello from C")


class D(B, C):
    def greet(self) -> None:
        print("Hello from D")


print(D.__mro__)
# (<class '__main__.D'>, <class '__main__.B'>,
#  <class '__main__.C'>, <class '__main__.A'>,
#  <class 'object'>)


# ====================================================================
# Пример 6. super() в множественном наследовании
# ====================================================================
class A:
    def action(self) -> None:
        print("A")


class B(A):
    def action(self) -> None:
        print("B")
        super().action()


class C(A):
    def action(self) -> None:
        print("C")
        super().action()


class D(B, C):
    def action(self) -> None:
        print("D")
        super().action()


d = D()
d.action()
# D
# B
# C
# A


# ====================================================================
# Пример 7. Композиция
# ====================================================================
class ExitButton:
    def click(self) -> None:
        print("Выход из программы")


class Menu:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.exit_button = ExitButton()  # композиция

    def show(self) -> None:
        print("Меню открыто")
        self.exit_button.click()


menu = Menu()
menu.show()
# Меню открыто
# Выход из программы


# ====================================================================
# Пример 8. Агрегация
# ====================================================================
class University:
    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
        self.name = name

    def get_info(self) -> None:
        print(f"Обучение проходит в университете: {self.name}")


class Teacher:
    def __init__(self, name: str, university: University) -> None:
        self.name = name
        self.university = university  # агрегация

    def introduce(self) -> None:
        print(f"Преподаватель: {self.name}")
        self.university.get_info()


uni = University("Tech University")
t1 = Teacher("Anna", uni)
t2 = Teacher("Dmitry", uni)
t1.introduce()
t2.introduce()


# ====================================================================
# Пример 9. Вложенный класс как композиция
# ====================================================================
class Smartphone:
    class Battery:
        def __init__(self, capacity: int) -> None:
            self.capacity = capacity
            self.charge = capacity

        def use(self, amount: int) -> None:
            self.charge = max(self.charge - amount, 0)
            print(f"Батарея: {self.charge}/{self.capacity} мАч")

    def __init__(self, model: str, battery_capacity: int) -> None:
        self.model = model
        self.battery = self.Battery(battery_capacity)

    def play_video(self) -> None:
        print(f"{self.model} воспроизводит видео...")
        self.battery.use(300)


phone = Smartphone("Pixel 9", 4000)
phone.play_video()